Stages of Mitosis

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Interphase

G1 phase:

New proteins and organelles are formed

S phase:

The DNA is replicated and the amount of chromatin has doubled

G2 phase:

Spindle proteins are synthesised

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Prophase

The chromosomes condense, becoming shorter and thicker.

Proteins called centrioles start moving to opposite poles of the cell, the protein fibres coming out of it called spindles start to develop.

The nuclear envelope starts to break down, freeing the chromosomes.

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Metaphase

The chromsomes line up along the centre of the cell.

The spindles attach onto the chromosomes by their centromeres.

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Anaphase

The centromeres divide, seperating each pair of chromatids.

The spindles contract, pulling the chromatids to opposite poles of the cell.

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Telephase

As the chromatids have reached opposite poles of the cell, they start to uncoild and become very thin becoming chromosomes again.

The nuclear envelope forms around the two groups of chromosomes, making two nuceli.

The cytoplasm divides (cytokinesis) and two daughter cells have been formed which are genetically identicl to the other and the parent cell.

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