Hegemony- ideological/moral leadership of society, proletariat must develop 'counter-hegemony' to be able to win the leadership of society from the bourgeosie, counter-hegemony - need to challenge the moral leadership of the ruling class e.g. a classless society- equality
Gramsci- ruling class maintain their power through coercion- army, police, prisons, courts of capitalist state to force other classes to accept its rule
similar to: althusser RSA, ISA. MARX- armed bodies of men
hegemony is never complete due to;
- the ruling class being a minority- need to create a power bloc by making alliences with other groups
- the proletariat have a dual consciousness- ideas are influenced not only by bourgeois ideology but also by material conditions of life e.g. poverty and exploitaton
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