The mens rea for making off without payment:
* Dishonestly - Ghost test (was the act dishonest according to the ordinary standards of a reasoable and honest person? Did the defendant realise that what he was doing was dishonest by those standards?)
* Knowledge that payment on the spot is required - if the defendant does not know that payment is required on spot, then he wont be guilty of this offence
Intention to avoid payment
Allen - The case of Allen stated that there must be intention of permanently avoiding payment
With Allen, the defendant left without payment, but he genuinely intended to pay in the future as he was being granted money to cover the cost, so his conviction was quashed because you have to prove that the defendant intended to avoid payment permanently
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