Iron, steel, nickel and iron oxide are magnetic materials.
Magnets have a north&south pole.
Like poles repel&opposite poles attract.
Space around a magnet where its magnetic force works is called a magnetic field.
The magnetic field is stronger closer to the magnet.
Because we can't see magnetic fields we use iron filings. The tiny pieces of iron line up in a magnetic field.
When an electric current flows in a wire it creates a magnetic field around the wire.
By winding the wire into a coil we can strengthen the magnetic field. Electromagnets are made from coils like this.
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