Luther: Diet of Worms

Charles V

• Leo X needed political support to condemn L.
• Charles had sworn not to condemn anyone in 1519 without hearing.

Diet of Worms:

• L. summoned to answer Imperial diet at worms in 1521.
• Promise of safe conduct respected.

Luther's response:

• L. refused to withdraw, claimed reason was the Holy Spripture.

Condemnation:

• Not simple for Charles due to sympathy felt for Luther and hatred for Hapsburgs by delegates (princes).
• Charles waited till major opponenets departed until passing condemnation.

Frederick's move

• F. did not trust promise of L.'s safe paasge home and his men took L. to castle of Wartburg for refuge

Reemergence

• 1522 Luther abandone refuge to reassert control in Wittenburgh. sermons `Invocavit`.
• Established new system of congregational discipline under town rather than Bishop.

Andrew Karlstadt

• reason for Luther's reemergence in 1522. former disciple who led congregation to extremism of anabaptism.