LLW - Employability: Globalisation

• "Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasinglyinterconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange." (BBC Bitesize)

• Describes how businesses and cutures are linked through trade and working together.

• Introduction of new industries - sharing of expertise
• Creates jobs in poorer countries
• Promotion of fair trade practices
• Access to many different markets and cultures - greater variety of products and services.
• Political benefits - builds realationships with other countries

• Loss of jobs - cheap labour in other countries causes loss of local jobs.
• People may take advantage of workers in poorer countries - possible child labour.
• Carbon emmision for transporting goods from far away countries - bad for the environment.
• Multi-national companies don't always employ fair trade practices.
• Possible language barriers - could lead to trouble with communication.
• There will be an impact from exchange rates and foreign economies - could raise the price of goods and services.
  

Imports:

• When one country buys from another - e.g. UK Tesco buys fruit from Spain.

Exports:

• When one country sells something to another - e.g. Spanish farmer sells fruit to Tesco in UK.

The 'Town Twinning Project' pairs towns across the world to help develop opportunities for trade, investment, and sharing cultural experiences - encourages positive globalisation.

Belfast is 'twinned' with:

• Belfast, Maine USA
• Bonn, Germany
• Hefei, Chinsa
• Nashville, Tennessee USA

Why?

• Cheaper worforce in poorer countries
• Cheaper utilities - gas, electricity, and oil
• To improve life in pooer countries
• There may be expertise in a particular country

Effects on Global Market:

• Businesses moving to other countries has resulted in local job losses
• The local workforce of a specialist company may have trouble finding another job
• Local workers may have to spend years retraining - negative impact of economy
• The job market will be full of skilled local workers but no jobs for them

• Primary Sector - extracting raw materials from the land e.g. farming / fishing
• Secondary Sector - manufacturing products e.g. factory workers
• Tertiary Sector - providing a service or selling a final product e.g. haidresser or shop keeper

Recently there have been changes in employment patterns in Northern Ireland:

• Most people now work in the tertiary sector - reduction in primary
• Changes in technology have also meant that most industries now rely on computer technology

Job-sharing:

• When two people share the same job
• One employee works for two days, the other works for the remaining three days
• The employer will have to advertise post, interview twice, and pay for two peoples' training

Tele-working:

• Tele-working is when people work from home
• They can stay in contact with customers and colleagues through telehone or computer
• Reduces the need for office space as the employee uses their own home

Emmigration:

• When one person leaves a country or region to settle in another contry or region - leaving and then arriving somewhere else

Immigration:

• When people come to a new country - arriving

Migration:

• When people move away from their country for work or better standard of living - leaving

Why Leave?

• To find work
• For better pay or better working conditions
• Better standard of Living
• Avoid war / pesecution 
• Medical treatment

Why Come to N.I.?

• NHS - free healthcare is rare and attractive to migrant workers
• Education system - quality of free education is very high
• Good employment opportunities e.g. for doctors
• Safety - the end of the 'Troubles' would be very appealling to those fleeing war