Life in Nazi Germany

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  • Created by: ash8642
  • Created on: 28-05-18 11:26

Religion

  • 1930s - most Germans Christian and loyal to Church
  • Hitler wanted religion to comply with the State
  • Catholic Church persecuated
    • July 1933 - Concordat
    • Role in education restricted
    • 1936 - Crucifixes removed
    • 1935 - Priests arrested
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Religion

Prostestant Church controlled

  • Confessional Church
    • Opposed Hitler
    • Pastor Martin Niemoller
    • Him + other arrested and put in Concentration Camps
  • Reich Church
    • Supported
    • Ludwig Muller
    • Wore Nazi uniforms
    • Gave Nazi salute
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Youth Opposition

Swing Youth

  • Middle class
  • Benny Goodman
  • Long hair
  • Swing/Jazz music 
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Youth Opposition

White Rose

  • Hans and Sophie Scholl
  • Both medical students
  • Based in Munich
  • DIstributed anti-Nazi leaflets
    • Anonymous
    • Funded by lecturer
  • Both caught, tortured, and killed
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Youth Opposition

Edelweiss Pirates

  • Working class
  • Different groups/sections
  • Sheltered CC escapees
  • Ambushed Hitler Youth
  • Killed Cologne - Gestapo leader
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Work and Home

Women

  • Role: to provide children
  • Female employment reduced
  • League of German Maidens
    • Awards for large families
    • Financial aid for couples
  • No make-up
  • Plain clothing
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Work and Home

Unemployment

  • Program of public works
    • Construction of autobahns
  • National Labour Service
    • All men aged 18-25
  • Military conscription
  • Invisible unemployment
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Youth Movement

Hitler Youth

  • Founded 1926
  • Boys aged 14+
  • Compulsory from 1936
  • Military-style uniform

League of German Maidens

  • Girls aged 14-18
  • Trained in domestic skills
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Youth Movement

Education

  • Nazi Teachers' Association
    • Taught Nazi methods
  • Subjects re-written
    • e.g. History -> WWI
  • Physical Education important
    • train for war
  • Anti-Nazi and Jewish books burnt
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Discrimination

  • Cleanse Germany of inferior groups
    • Gypsies, Slavs, Black, mentally ill, disabled, Jewish, homosexual
  • Began sterilising
    • Try to wipe out inferior groups

T4 Program

  • Autumn 1939
  • Systematic gasing
  • Lasted until 1941
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Discrimination

Jewish Discrimination

  • 1933 - Nation boycott
  • Legal system used to persecute
  • Nuremburg Laws 1935
    • Protection of German blood and honour
    • Jews made subjects
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Discrimination

Kristallnacht

  • 9th-10th November 1938
  • German diplomat murdered by a Jew in Paris
  • Goebbels uses murder as excuse for terror campaign
  • 815+ shops destroyed
  • 191 synagogues burnt
  • 20,000 Jews arrested
  • Claimed to be a spontaneous reaction
    • Planned and organised
    • Few ordinary Germans took part
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Economy

The New Plan

  • Dr Hjalmar Schacht
  • Reduce unemployment
    • Autarky
  • Trade agreements
  • Production increased
    • by 50%
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Economy

Four-Year Plan

  • Hermann Goring
  • Prepare for war
    • Geared towards rearment
  • Businesses persuaded to produce synthetics
  • Germany still dependent on foreign imports
  • Hermann Goring Works
    • Mining / metal works
    • Forced labour
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Economy

Labour Service (RAD)

  • 1933
  • Public work
  • Voluntary until 1935
    • Serve 6 months
  • Not popular --> organised like the army
  • Autobahn project
  • Rearmament
    • Military conscription in 1935
    • 1.3 million in 1939
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Economy

Invisible Unemployment

  • Didn't really reduce employment
    • Changed number of unemployed
  • Women + Jews forced to give up work
  • Part-time recorded as full-time
  • Concentration camps/**/army not considered "real" employment
  • RAD not recorded as unemployed
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Economy

Standard of Living

  • Wages rose, as did hours
    • 43hrs to 49hrs
  • Price of common goods rose
    • 20% between 1933 and 1939
  • Real wages didn't increase
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Economy

Labour Front

  • DAF
  • Trade Union
  • Set workers' rights, terms, minimum wage
  • Mixed benefits
    • Workers unable to go against terms
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Economy

Strength Through Joy

  • Division of DAF
  • Make workers happy
  • Incentive to work
    • could be rewarded with plays or cruises
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Economy

Beauty of Labour

  • SdA
  • Provide better working facilities
  • Hope employees would work longer
  • Workers expected to build facilities themselves
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Economy

Volkswagen Scheme

  • 5 marks per week
  • Incentive
  • Allow common people a chance to have a car
  • Factories turned to rearmament in 1938
    • No one received a car
    • No one refunded
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