LEARNING AIM B LESSON 1

-Health and social care services are provided and managed by a wide range of organisations

-Some services are directly fundd and delivered by the government or public sector organisations

-Many other services are provided by independant charitable organisations (Samaritans)

-The public sector org that provides H/S care services are financed and directly managed by the governement

-Funded by taxes and a smaller proportion of funds come from NI contributions

-Majority of services are free to service user when they need them 

-The public sector health services and systems of organisation in the 4 countires (UK) generally work independantly of each other, but there is no dicrimination when individuals/service users move from one part of the UK to another.

1-National Health Service (NHS England)

2-Health and social care in NI

3-NHS Scotland 

4-NHS Wales

-The range of services that the NHS in the 4 countries provide includes=

1-Primary health care is provided by GP's, dentists, opticians and pharmacists. Accessed directly by the service user when needed

2-Secondary health care includes most hospital services, mental health services and community services. These are normally accessed via the GP, who makes referrals. Members of the public and the emrgency services have direct access to the accident and emergency services at hospitals 

3-Tertiary health care provides specialist and complex services. E.g- specialist spinal injury units or hospice support 

-In England, hospitals are managed by hospitals trust, most of whcih are now NHS Foundation Trust. 

-Foundation trusts was established in 2004 

-Although their services are largely financed by the governement, they are independant organisations 

-They are managed by a board of governors which might include patients, staff, members of the public

-The aim of the NHS Foundation Trust is to move decision making froma centralised NHS to local communities, inorder to respond to local need and wishes 

-Mental health services may be provided through your GP, specialist support such as counsellors,psychologits or psychiatrist.

-More specialist support is normally provided by Mental Health Foundation Trusts.

-These are managed by community and the members elect governors who have responsibility for the quality and range of care provided

-Services provided by the MHFT include provision of psychological therapies, the support of pshychiatric nurses and very specialist support for peeople with severe mental health problems 

-Work with GP's and LA social services department to provide health and care support

-The service provided by the trust may include;

-Adult and community nursing services

-Health visiting and school nursing 

-Physiotherapy and occupational therapy and speech therapy services 

-Palliative /end of life centre 

-Walk in centres 

-Specialist services such as managing diabetes, sexual health or contraception services 

-Aim of community health foundation trust is to provide care for service users that will enable them to live independantly in the community rather than a hospital or residential care 

-Adult social care provision is for people over 18 years old who have disabilties, mental health problems or who are otherwise frail, due to age or other circumstances and who are unable to support themselves without specific and plannes assistance 

-This is the responsibility of local authority social service departments

-The support provided can take many form;

-Care in the service users home

-Day centre to provide care,stimualation and company

-Sheltered housing schemes 

-Residential care for older people, people with disabilities and people suffering from mental illness

-Respite care/short term residential care provided pricncipally to give caring families a rest 

-Training centres for adults with learning difficulties 

-Childrens services are the repsonsibility of LA. Their aim is to support and protect vulnerable children and young people, their families and also young carers. The local councils childrens departments are required to work in close collaboration with other care providers 

-Support includes;

-Services to safeguard children who are at risk from abuse/harm including sexual,physical,emotional harm or neglect 

-Day care for children under 5 years old 

-Help for parents and carers with parenting skills 

-Support of a childrens centre 

-Arrangments for fostering and adoption 

-GP practices are the first point of access to H/S care provision. GPs have extensive knowledge of medical condition and can offer prevetative care 

-GPs work with local communities. Their role is to make intitial diagnoses and to refer indvidual to a specialist for further investigation and treatment 

-GPs increasingly work as members of multi-disciplinary teams.

-They also work closely with other agencies, including educational services, LA social services and the police.

-The GP and their team aim to use a holistic approach to care 

-GP practices are funded from central government as part of the NHS. They are funded according to their assessed workloads from their patients. This takes into account;

-Age of their patients

-Gender 

-Level of their mobility and mortality in area 

-The number of people who live in residential or nursing homes 

-Patient turnover

-In addition GP practices recieve further payments from the NHS for the following;

-If they are demmed to give a high quality service 

-For certain additional services they may provide 

-For seniority, based on GPs  length of services 

-To support the cost of suitable premises and other necessary equipment 

-To cover additional costs if the GP practice also dispenses medicines