Jennifer Coates said that:
"Men pursue a style of interaction based on power, while women pursue a style based on solidarity and support."
All-male groups of speakers tend to be hierarchical and establish dominant submissive roles. Groups of women are more flexible and co-operative, drawing out reticent speakers and expressing affection and concern.
Coates labelled these features women's co-operative discourse; these are:
1. Topic and topic development
2. Minimal responses
3. Hedges
4. Questions
5. Turn-taking
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