Language and social groups

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William Labov

  • The social stratification of English in New York city 1966
  • speakers in more prestigious stores aspiring to use a prestige accent and the post-vocalic /r/ e.g. park
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Peter Trudgill

  • 1974 Study of Norwich
  • working and middle-class differences
  • alveolar /n/ e,g, runnin and running
2 of 7

Leslie Milroy

  • Belfast speech 1987
  • social network as a 'web of ties'
  • variations in language use could be explained by residents' social networks
3 of 7

Penelope Eckert

  • Social practises
  • identified two distinctive groups in American high school, jocks and burnouts
  • people tended to speak more like those with whoom they shared social practises and values
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Jenny Cheshire

  • Recorded speech of teenagers in an adventure playground
  • found the toughest girls and boys conformed to the group ose of non-standard forms e.g. aint
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Harriet Powney

  • Familect
  • where people in the family invent their own private lexis
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Lave and Wenger

  • mutual engagement 1991
  • a joint negotiated enterprise
  • shared repertoire
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