Donners:-went to calofornia -split in two (camp on plains) (cut through black hills) - became snowed in ( ran out of resources//cannibalism ) NO MOUNTAIN MEN
PROBLEMS
Extreme weathers-sun stroke -temperature
flooding rivers
lack of resources
wagons break
Indian attack
lost
Buffalo stampede
disease
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Mormons
Joseph Smith
14 years old became the founder of the church of the Latter day Saints
1823 Had a visit from Angel Moroni (God) 1830golden plates in his garden, asked his friend t write down what it said= book of mormon
He was imprisoned more than 30 times ~actively tried to covert people stopping manifest destiny
Kirtland 1831-1837
In Ohio had 1000 members
1837- economic crisis meant banks collapsed people blamed mormons & drove them away
Missouri 1837-1838
Navoo 1839- 1846
Fled from Illinois not liked at all
Renamed Navoo
1844- Joseph received a vision from God to practise polygamy, was not welcomed by every mormon- certainly not Americans
27th June Smith killed in prison where him and his brother were being detained
4 of 7
Mormons pt.2
Brigham Young
Took over from Joseph and directed the movement of 16,000 Mormons to Salt Lake City in Utah (1846-1852)
SUCCESS
Young said no private ownership of land = equality
Allocated resources by need- everyone had what they would use = organised and resourceful
Distributed skilled workers evenly in each town in Utah to spread the skills to develop towns
Young was govenor of Utah now free to build KINGDOM OF GOD AND EARTH = free from persecution
Perpetual Emigration Fund= recruiting and converting building the religion
FAILURE
Didn't hav enough money = economy too low
Schooling was poor = no education = bad jobs
As result of 1848 war- American government gained Salt lake from Mexicans-- tried to set upown state ( DESERET ) this was rejected
US goverment passes an ANTI_POLYGAMY law in 1862// 1896 Utah became an American state had to accept this law
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Homesteaders
Types of people
Poor people from East
Civil war ex soldiers
Free slaves - emancipation proclaimation
Homestead Act 1862
Rewarded 160 acres to families who would farm and plant trees
Timber Act 1873
Gave an additional 160 acres if families planted 40 acres of trees
Desert Act 1877
Awarded 230 acres of unfertile desert land if farmed and planted trees
6 of 7
Surviving the Plains
PROBLEMS:-
Can't farm- hard earth (prairy grass had thick roots never farmed on before)
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