Key 5: Grammar

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  • Created by: Wilo_Hall
  • Created on: 05-03-19 14:03

Phrases

Phrases- Stings of words.

Noun phrase- determiner, modifier, noun e.g. the blue sky.

Prepostional phrase- starts with a prepostion e.g. in the morning, on the playground.

Verb phrase- string of verbs e.g. I am going to go.

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Sentence Functions

Declarative- Statement e.g. Today is sunny.

Interrogative- Question e.g. Where is the sun?

Imperative- Command e.g. Blow up the sun.

Exclamatory- Urgent or dramatic e.g. THE SUN IS BEING BLOWN UP! 

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Clause Elements

Clauses must have a main verb in them.  They usually follow the pattern subject, verb, object.

Subject- The subject is the main topic or person performing an action and usually placed at the begining e.g. Will ran from the wolves last monday.

Verb- The verb element consists of one or more verbs and is found in the middle e.g. Will ran from the wolves last monday.

Object- The object element usually appears towards the end of the clause and has something happen to it as a result of the action e.g. Will ran from the wolves last monday.

Complements- The complement gives you added information about the subject of object e.g. Will ran from the vicious wolves last monday.

Adverbial- The adverbial element appears towards the end of the clasue and tells you when, where, how something happens e.g. Will ran from the wolves last monday.

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Clause Types

Independent Clause- Is a clause that can stand on its own and follwos the usual clause patterns. They are found in simple and compound sentences.

Subordinate Clause- starts with a subordinating conjunction.  They are found in complex sentences.

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Sentence Types

Minor Sentence- A minor sentence does not include a main verb or follow a classic patern e.g. TEN DEAD

Simple Sentence- A simples sentence consists of one subject and one main verb e.g. I killed ten people. 

Compound Sentence- A compound sentence consists of at least two or more main clauses of equal value e.g. I killed ten people and I had to do it.

Complex Sentence- A complex sentence consists of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause e.g. I killed ten people, when I escaped the gulag.

Compound Complex Sentences- Two independent clauses and one subordinate clause e.g. I killed ten people and I had to do it, when I escaped the gulag.

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Active & Passive

Active Voice- Subject performs the action e.g. The hunter slayed his quarry.

Passive Voice- Object perfomrs the action e.g. The quarry was slayed by the hunter.

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