Type of ethic
- Deontological - rejects consequentialism - absolute/objective - a priori/synthetic
Good will & duty
- 'Good will shines forth like a prescious jewel'
- We should avoid emotion and use reason --> Emotion = subjective Reason = Objective .Absolute & universal as we all have 'Moral law within'
- We cannot base our decisions on potential outcomes --> Susceptable to change/infinite potentialitys --> SO intention more important
- An action is only moral when done from a sense of duty & goodwill - only valid reason --> pity/self gratification = not moral
Hypothetical imperative - Teleological - concerned with purpose & ultimate goal
- Involves reason for action being related to the outcome > No reason to pursue the imperative unless you want to achieve the outcome'If this, then that'
Categorical Imperative & 3 Maxims
- Clear & show no uncertainty/ unconditional moral obligation that is binding in all circumstances and is not dependent on a person's inclination
-absolute/objective/deontological
3 Maxims/formulations of the categorical imperative
- 1st Formulation - Universalisation --> Don't do an action you wouldn't want all to do
- 2nd Formulation - Humans as ends --> Respect others, not as means to an end
- 3rd Formulation - Kingdom of ends --> Equality, all be treated with same rights
Strengths
- People generally share same/similar views of morality
- Based on reason/clear criteria for what is moral
- Respects all(KINGDOM OF ENDS)-Universal(UNIVERSILISATION)
- Distinguishes between duty/inclination --> Duty = part of being human
- W.D Ross Prima Facea
Weaknesses
- Relies on all sharing same values ( living in KINGDOM OF ENDS)
- Seems cold/inhuman - rejects compassion
- Outcomes = important = human nature to consider consequences
- Abstract = Hard to apply = conflicting duties
- Not all are rational
Comments
No comments have yet been made