Joints and Movement

Joints and Movements for AS PE

Really brief notes so revision is easier

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  • Created by: Jade
  • Created on: 17-01-11 11:29

Joint classification

Fibrous - no movement - skull

cartilaginous - slightly moveable - thoracic vertebrae

synovial - freely moveable - shoulder

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Synovial Joints

feature     structure     function

hyaline cartilage - glassy smooth, spongy - prevent friction, absorb compression

joint capsule - tough fibrous capsule - strengthen joint, secrete synovail fluid

synovial fluid - slippery fluid - reduce friction, rid of waste debris, nourish catilage

ligament - stong fibrous tissue - connect bone to bone

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Types of synovial Joint

Ball and socket - shoulder and hip - greatest range of movement

hinge joint - eblow, knee, ankle - bending and straightening

pivot joint - radio ulnar, atlas/axis - one bone rotating about its axis

condyloid - wrist joint - second greatest range of movements

Gliding joint - spine - limited gliding movement in all directions

Saddle Joint - thumb joint - degree of movement in most directions

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Anatomical terminology and movements

wrist - flexion and extension

radio ulnar - rotation i.e. pronation supination

elbow - flexion and extention

shoulder - flexion and extension, horizontal flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, rotation, circumduction

spine - flexion and extension, lateral flexion

hip - flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, rotation

knee - flexion and extension

ankle - dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

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