Italy 1900's revision

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Liberal Italy facts

  • Real wages rose by 25% by 1913
  • 8 Prime ministers during 1900-1915
  • Establsishment of social insurance and pensions
  • Franchise extended to all males over 30 years old
  • Laws controlling female and child labour
  • Italy invaded Libya September 1911
  • 5 million Italians emigrated to the USA by 1914
  • Humiliation in Adowa 1897
  • GDP increased by 33% from 1895 to 1915
  • Foreign trade rose  by 6 times
  • Lack of key resources - Steel and Iron 
  • Red Week 1914
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Mussoloni

  • March on Rome October 1922
  • Acerbo Law 1623
  • Always had at least 2/3 of the seats through the Acerbo Law
  • Battle for Lira success - cheaper imports
  • Battle for Lira failure - real wages fell due to fall in the value of money
  • Mussolini used self sufficiency as propaganda for World recognition
  • Corporate State a failure but good propaganda
  • Great Deppression caused manufacturing to fall by 14%
  • OND activities kept people happy and won Mussilini support
  • Real wages fell by 45% due to 6 separate wage cuts. 
  • Indoctrination amongst schools
  • Every classroom had a large portrait of the Duce upon the wall. 
  • Concordat 1929
  • Battle for Births
  • Italy not Totalitarian - Still king and the pope
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Foreign Policy

  • Corfu Crisis 1923 - Italy paid 50 million lira by Greece
  • Recapturing Fiume 1924 - Nationalist Support.
  • Albania 1926 - Albania declared an Italian Protectorate
  • Four Power Pact 1933
  • Leaders of Germany Italy France UK met in Rome
  • Mussolini used this as propaganda to show Italy as the main European power
  • Stressa Front 1935 - discuss the fear of Germany with UK and France
  • Abyssynia 1935-6 revelead military weaknesses,economy drained,.
  • Spanish Civil War 1936 - 4000 soldiers died while Italy sent 40000 to show off
  • Mussolini invaded Albania in 1939 to respond to Hitler's actions
  • Pact of Steel 1939 but not kept by Italy
  • Bad strategy in WW2 - Multiple battle fronts in Greece and Egypt which they couldnt keep
  • Catholics and even senior fascists turned against Mussolini due to poor war
  • ''The most hated man in Italy''
  • Italians lost faith in Fascism and Mussolini completely
  • Partisans imposed a serious threat
  • Mussolini suffering from poor health
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