Ionic Bonding occurs between metals AND non-metals.
Covalent bonding occurs between non-metals ONLY.
Definitions
Ionic bonding -
Ionic bonding occurs between positive and negative ions, which attract each other and bind together to form ionic compounds. (an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions) For example, sodium chloride consists of Na+ ions and Cl- ions bound together.
Each ion is surrounded by oppositely charged ions held in place by electrostatic attraction and forming an ionic crystal lattice. The ions in a crystal lattice are very strongly bonded - a high temperature is required to melt the crystal.
Covalent Bonding- A covalent bond is formed between non metal atoms, which combine together by sharing electrons. Covalent compounds have no free electrons and no ions so they don't conduct electricity.
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