Irwin and Cressey: prisoners are not blank slates, they bring their own social histories in with them
Huff: gang membership is related to violence and other forms of antisocial behaviour, they are disproportionately involved in prison violence, 10x more likely to commit a murder.
The Deprivation Model: aggression is a product of stressful and oppressive conditions, overcrowding, fear and staff experience. New staff are more likely to be violently attacked or suffer an assault.
The Pains of Imprisonment: specific prison deprivation lead to violence such as, loss of liberty, autonomy and security. These increase anxiety and lead to seclusion or rebelling via violence.
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