India Topic 3

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Government of India Act 1935

  • India divided into 11 provinces 
  • Burma separated from India 
  • Sindh and Orrisa states created 
  • Each province had a governor 
  • Viceroy remained in place 
  • Dyerarchy abolished 
  • State electorates remained the same 
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Why Congress Rejected The Government of India Act

  • 1917 food prices rose 
  • 1918 Rowlatt acts: Extended wartime restrictions                                                                    Opposed by all Indian Members of the legislative council 
  • 1918-1919 poor harvest inflation rose 
  • December 1919 situation in India changed for the worse
  • Unrest broke out - particularly Bengal and Punjab
  • British government concerned might lose control due to lack of troops there
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The Round Table Conferences

First 

  • 58 political leaders attended
  • To settle Indias constitutional future 
  • members of Congress stayed away

Second

  • The settlement between Gandhi and Irwin 
  • Gandhi sole representative of Congress
  • Nothing achieved
  • Rights to separate representatives for minorities 

 Third

  • 46 delegates 
  • Important Indian figures didn't attend
  • Rights to separate representatives for minorities 
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Salt Satyagraha

  • 24 days - took sea salt from sea 
  • 5,000,000 making sea salt and selling it 
  • The mid-1930s - British Rule paralysed as unrest broke out
  • Boycotts of British cloth
  • Production of salt was a government monopoly
  • Non-violent   
  • Against British 
  • 60,000 Congressmen arrested and imprisoned 
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Poona Pact

  • Accepted by British
  • Settled for number of provincial assembly seats for untouchables 
  • Needed to satisfy Gandhi 
  • Incorporated into The Government of India Act 
  • Hindus and untouchables make a pact for separate electorates 
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Gandhi-Irwin Pact

  • Comprimise over current stalement 
  • Avoid violence 
  • Gandhi's civil disobedience ended - promised to attend round table conference 
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