'In Situ' means 'on site.' Therefore, conservation within the natural habitat is 'In Situ.'
Pros: It allows flora and fauna to remain in their natural habitat. Therefore it has a smaller effect on biodiversity. It is also able to conserve whole ecosystems. In cases of natural parks, can be used for education and scientific investigation.
Cons: Is often very expensive, may not be able to stop habitat destruction from things such as sea level rise or temperature rise. It may not be able to save particular species from extinction.
Examples: It may be habitat restoration, prevention or protection from further damage or allowing sustainable yields to be achieved. National parks (Yellowstone) allow areas to function as they should but allow scientific research.
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Ex Situ
'Ex Situ' means 'off-site' and 'the conservation of biological components outside of their natural habitats.'
Pros: Allows specific species to be conserved for breeding programmes and education/research. Can bring species back from near extinciton. Allows money to be raised to fund further research.
Cons: Often does not allow release back into ecosystems, causes creatures to rely heavily on human interference to survive. Can be seen as morally or ethically wrong due to lack of space. May be seen as a waste of resourses that could be used for in situ conservation.
Examples: Zoos, aquariums, safari parks. (In 1985, 9 californian condors were alive, today 298 individuals are alive)
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