Improvements before the 1848 Public Health Act (3.2)

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Private Acts of Parliament

Gave powers to specific people, rather than the general public.

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Oligarchy

Government by a small group of people. 

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Vested Interest

People more likely to support a measure if their families would benefit from it.

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Manchester Board of Health 1795

Thomas Perceval and John Ferriar set it up. Published reports on public health. One of the first places to do this. 

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London

Administered by 300 different bodies with an interest in public health and 250 Acts of Parliament.

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1831-1832 Exeter

Act for better paving, lighting, watching, cleansing.

Voted for by ratepayers. 

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1831-1832 Lancashire

Lighting with Gas the Town of St. Helens

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Leeds and Manchester Municipal Corporations Act 18

Assumed control of paving, sewerage, street cleaning and draining. 

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Liverpool 1846

Sanitary Act: powers to appoint a medical officer of health. Town council given powers to carry out sewerage, drainage and water supply improvements. 

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