Determinist Approach: Suggests patterns are fixed by internal mechanisms. This view may be misleading as there is some flexibility in cycles, i.e. going to bed a couple of hours later, so other factors can override the internal clock.
Real-world Application: Chronotherapeutics is the study of how timings affect drug treatments. Biological rhythms must be taken into account, e.g. taking drugs acting on a hormone when its levels are high.
Real-world Application: Phototherapy is used to treat SAD. Very strong lights are used to change levels of melatonin and serotonin. It has seen a reduction in symptoms, but this may be a placebo effect.
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