Controlling the level of water is linked to getting rid of nitrogenous waste so we'll deal with them both together. As mentioned before, nitrogenous waste would be toxic if it accumulated so it must be removed from the body. This is done in number of steps:
- Excess proteins (i.e, nitrogenous waste) are broken down into amino acids.
- These then have the nitrogenous part removed as ammonia (see equation 1 below).
- Within the liver, the ammonia is converted into urea (see equation 2 below). This process is called deamination.
- The urea is then transported in the blood to the kidney (where it is extracted and excreted via the bladder).
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