History B GCSE AQA Unit 5 - Hitler's Germany (5.1) How and why was Hitler able to become Chancellor in January 1933? 4.5 / 5 based on 3 ratings ? HistoryWWII and Nazi Germany 1939-1945GCSEAQA Created by: OneTooManyAnOpinionCreated on: 11-06-12 17:23 The impact of the Wall Street Crash and Depression American economic depression spread across Europe and to Germany American banks had given loans to Germany since 1924 Many German businesses were bankrupt By 1932 almost 6 million people were unemployed German government was powerless Nazis tried to appeal to both business men and poor people Josef Goebbels was appointed head of propaganda in 1929 The SA were the private Nazi Army; the threatened opponents and encouraged chaos They then blamed the Communists for the violence Hitler spoke at length about the disgrace brought to the Germans by the Treaty of Versailles 1 of 3 The Weimar system of government Had many coalition governments Often they disagreed making effective government impossible In Article 28 of the constitution the President could pass an emergency law without consulting the Reichstag The President at the time was war hero General von Hindenburg March 1930 - May 1932, the Chancellor of Germany was Heinrich Bruning, his economic policies were very unpopular He raised taxes, cut level of unemployment benefit and reduced government employees salary Nazis were growing in popularity As Hitler became well known within Germany he decided to fight against Hindenburg in the Presidential Elections. Hidenburg won with 19 million votes, Hitler got 13 million 2 of 3 Hitler's appointment as Chancellor In May 1932, Hindenburg appointed Franz von Papen as Chancellor (Centre Party) von Papen did not have enough support to rule effectively and called a general election in July 1932, the Nazis gained a lot of support Von Papen needed more support so called another general election, which gave him fewer seats so con Schleicher replaced him. He too failed, and asked Hitler to become Chancellor In January 1933, Hindenburg was forced to make Hitler Chancellor However he did limit some of Hitler's power by making von Papen the vice-Chancellor 3 of 3
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