Health and Social Care(single)

Stroke

A stroke  is a serious life threating condtition when  blood supply to part ofthe brain is cut off.

Types of stroke

• Hemorogic
• ischaemic

ischaemic Strokes

• blood is unable to get to that part of the brain
• 80% of all strokes are isemc

Ischaemic strokes are the most commmon forms of stroke. They occur when a blood clot blocks the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain.

These blood clots typically form in areas where artires have been blocked/ narrowed over time by fatty deposits.(Plaques)

Risk of having an ischeamic stroke can be increased by:

• smoking 
• high blood pressure
• obesity 
• high cholestorol levels 
• diabetes
• an excessive alcohol  intake 

other possible causes include :

a type of irregular heartbeat called artial fibrillation 

• this can causeblood clots , which break up and escape from the heart and then become lodged in blood vessels supplying blood to the brain.

weakened blood vesscles burst and bleeds into and aroudn the brain,(less common than ischaemic strokes)

main causes : high blood pressure 

contributions to hight blood pressure 

• being overweight 
• exessive alcohol 
• smoking 
• lack of exercise 
• stress

Major Symptoms 

F- face may have dropped to one side 

A- stroke suffrer may be unable to lift one or both arms and keep them there 

S- speech - may be slurred or gargled or may not be able to talk at all

• emotions 
• personality
• Short term memory loss
• lack of concentration 
• slurred speech / language
• sudden loss or blurry vison 
• difficulty swallowing 
• dizziness
• confusion 
• paralysis on one side of the body 

 Ischemic stroke 

• Thombolysis- clot bursting medication 
• Antiplatelets- this makes blood cells less sticky ( reducing chances of clots forming again)
• Anticoagulants - also helps prevent the forming of clots in the future
• ACE Inhibitors 
  
• Calcium channel blockers 
• Beta blockers 
• Alpha Blockers

T.A.A.A.C.B.A

these are used to treat hight blood pressure (Antihypersentitves )

• Statins -to lower blood cholestorl levels 

Haemorrhagic strokes 

Surgery- Crainiotomy

Age- if over 65

Family Histoty

Ethnicity-  South Asian, African or Carbbean, stroke reisk i higher due to high level of diabetes and high bloog pressure in these groups 

Medical history