Graphical Displays of Data

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  • Created by: rosieevie
  • Created on: 22-01-17 19:07

Bar Charts

  • Each bar = single datum
  • Relative sizes is more important than showing actual number
  • Compare arranged data
  • X axis series of labels

(http://www.wekaleamstudios.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/barchart-lattice1.jpeg)

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Histograms

  • Similar to bar chart
  • Each bar represents range of values
  • Connected data - line?

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Line Graph

  • Change over time/evenly spaced values
  • 'Join the dots' plotting

(http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/graphs/images/line_example4.jpg)

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XY Scatter Graph

  • Relationship between pair of measurements
  • Show a correlation
  • Correlation is not causation
  • R2 value:
    • 0 = No correlation
    • 1 = Perfect correlation
  • Line of best fit - any data set but not always showing a relationship
  • Logs allow straight line of best fit
  • Treadline is not a line of best fit - correlation over time (usually join the dots)

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Points and/or Line of Best Fit?

  • Line of best fit - show points
    • Determine if justified
  • Experimental results - show points
    • Determine quality of results
  • Illustrating overall trend - points optional
    • May complicate image

Extrapolation - extending line beyond measured points

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Error Bars

Applied to averaged data e.g. bar chats/line graphs

Represent either standard deviation or standard error

Standard deviation - biological variability (ranges and variability)

Standard error - size of uncertainty in mean (overlapping and size)

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