GEOGRAPHY CASE STUDIES THEME 1

WHAT: Polish migrating to the UK as they joined the EU (allows free movement of labour between countries)

WHEN: Between May 2004 when Poland joined the EU - June 2006, 62% of 427,095 of the EU assession states who got work in the UK were Polish.

WHY: 

• Push factor from Poland as hihgh unemployment rate.
• 1 of the 3 coutnries that did not put limits on the no. migrants from A8 coutries coming in.
• Often 2nd language
• Easy migration travel
• Lots of job opportunities (skills shortage in the UK)
• Much better paid 
• Overall better lifestyle

EFFECTS: 

• Divorce rates in Poland increase due to some leaving families behind. 
• Growing shortage of skilled workers in Poland
• Polish send money back to Poland but doesn't effect UK economy.
• Poland culture brought into UK (food).
• Benfited UK economy.
• Can claim child benefits, housing benefits and taz credits after working a year. Lead to racism.

STRATEGIES/SOLUTIONS:

• Leave the EU
• Enforce strict border rules
• More English lessons

WHAT: The varied housing between different groups of people. 

• In CBD (central business district), more modern apartments, quite expensive, local entertainment, entertainment at the 02, retail outlets, council estates, terraced housing, high rise block of flats, for key workers around the area.
• On the outskirts of town, detached and semi-detached housing, major supermarkets and shopping centres, i.e Westfields in Shepards Bush.

WHERE & WHO: London & Different groups of people.

WHEN: Now

EFFECTS: Different for each area/group.

• Commuters: surburban shopping centres make services more conveniant.
• Key workere like teachers live near work and centre of town for entertainment but cannot afford to live in London on current wages.
• Families more likely to live on edge of time where lower crime rates, more open space and possibly better schools. 
• The unemployed: Harder for them to access the services in the suburbs as can't afford the detached housing.

WHERE: Brighton

WHO: Different groups of people

WHAT: Access to services in Brighton such as the Churchill Square shopping centre and lots of shops in the lanes. Fantastic transport links; buses, trains, taxes and coaches. Cinema's, pier, the beach, aquariums, bowling places, hotels, casino's, night clubs, school's, nurseries and universities, parks, gyms, churches, restaurants, holds large events there like Gay Pride, concerts, Brighton Marathon, Brighton fringe festival etc. 

WHEN: Now

EFFECTS: Very populated. People outside Brighton can get in relatively easy using the transport links but obviously the further away you live, the increasingly more expensive the fare is, especially for adults. People living in hemlets need a car to be able to get into Brighton as not too many transport links. Airport near by (Gatwick) so not far to travel to when flying over from other coutries. 

STATEGIES/SOLUTIONS:

WHAT: London Olympics being built. (500 acre site), including the olympic stadium, velodrome, aquatic centre and athlete's village. 

WHERE: Stratford, East London 

WHEN: From 2007-2012 From after the olympics-2013 for the reconstruction WHO: The people that live there

WHY: 

• Olympic area including stadium needed to be constructed.
• Lonndon Borough of Newham is the 2nd poorest bourough in London.
• Had poor housing, high crime rates, poor health care and poor education. Much of the land was a brownfield site. 
• After the olympics, affordable housing will be constructed. For the olympics, a new International Station connnected Eurostar and a shopping centre was constructed creatinng lots of jobs.

EFFECTS:

• High rise social housing demolished so those lliving there given 8,500 to relocate.
• Many businesses and other buildings demonolished but had been compensated.
• Raise local area's economy because of tourist site. 
• Better connected as the extension of the Jubille Line. 
• Pylons being put underground.
• Big clear up of the area, including recycling of litter etc. 
• More trees planted. 

STRATEGIES/SOLUTIONS:

WHAT:Regeneration of Cornwall. Cornwall's garden of Eden consisting of 2 conservatories of the world's major plant types.

WHERE:Cornwall, north east of St Austell in the borough of Restormel (where was quarried for china clay and left whit eheaps everywhere)

WHEN:March 2001

WHO: Locals of Cornwall

WHY: Because Cronwall had a decline in their rural economy because visitor no. varied between seasons and weather, the jobs are mainly seasonal. Needed money for services and higher wages.

EFFECTS: 

• Massive increase in tourism, 1st year 1.9m visitors.
• Demand for holiday cottages has soubled.
• Most cottages owned by locals so there all year round
• Provided lots of job opportunities and many locally recruited where most were unemployed so has reduced unemplyment rates dramatically
• Boosted local farmers and food-processing companies
• Boosted local economy as a whole
• Increase in pollution
• increase in congestion

STRATEGIES/SOLUTIONS: Build better transport links and more roads to prevent congestion.