Geography revison 13/10/2015

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  • Created by: Gourlayc
  • Created on: 13-10-15 13:38

Global population changing

How has global population changed ?

  • Over the years the worlds population has increased.
  • This is due to many factors such as children as resources and acidetal births
  • People ar eliving longer due to improved medical care and sanitation.

Where are the changes taking place ?

  • The place with the fastest growing population is Asia.
  • Europe is an example of a population decreasing.
  • This is due to different qualities of life, country size and life choices

Why is the future dificult to predict future changes ?

  • It is difficult to predict the future because many different factors could occur.
  • An to make it decrease rapidly example is a world spread disease
  • Increasing factors are the role of children and good sanitation
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Demographic transition Model

What is it ?

  • Changes in a country's population seem to pass through several stages which is known as demographic transition.

What does it tell us ?

  • It shows us the birth rate, death rate and natural increace.
  • Also in a graph below it gives reasons for the increase/decrease of birth rates and death rates.

Facotrs that influence birth and death rate:

  • Good health care
  • Family planning
  • Children needed for farming
  • Disease
  • Famine

 

 

 

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Somalia case study

Causes:

  • Children are needed for farming/ work
  • Children die at ealrly ages so they have more to replace them.
  • Little family planning
  • Children take care of parents when they get older

Impacts:

  • Over population
  • Easier for disease to spread
  • Starin on resources

Response:

  • More money spent on health care for children
  • One child policy
  • Better sanitation
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Italy case study

Cause:

  • Health care has been improved.
  • Fewer women want children earlier due to education, jobs and family planing.
  • Women are now being taken more seriously.

Impacts:

  • Large ammount of the population is over 65.
  • More money is spent on Health care for the elderly which could be spent on things such as education.
  • There would need to be more things like specilised housing and transport 

Response:

  • Italy has tried to encourage having babies with baby bonus. (pro natalist policy)
  • Raising off age of having acsees to pensions.
  • Making taxes higher to pay for the high demand of pensioners.
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China's Anti-Natalist Policy

How it works:

  • In china couples are only aloowed to have one child
  • This one child has everything paid for by the government such as, education and insurance
  • If however, the family decides to have another child they must pay the government a fine, the amount of how much the first child cost for education ect. 

Advantages:

  • Women can focus more on their work than looking after many children.
  • No one is forced into poverty and over population.
  • The child they have is well cared for.

Disadvantages:

  • Children are raised without aunties or uncles.
  • It's unethical to tell people how many children to have and how to raise their family.
  • Children are abandoned, or sometimes killed, because people don't want to be fined and are scared or because they wanted sons instead of daughters.
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Key words

Migration: The movement of people from one place to stay temporarily or permanantly.

Immigrant: Someone moving into a country, this could be leagly or illeagly. 

Economic migrant: Someone who moves from one place to another to improve their quality of life.

Refugee: Someone forced to leave their country because of things like war.

Asylum seeker: Someone who fled their country but has not yet been accepted to stay in the country they're in.

Population: The number of people in a place.

Carrying capacity: The maximun population that an environment can sustain/cope with.

Birth rate: The number of births per 1000 of the population per year.

Death rate: The number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year. 

Natural increase: Birth rate - Death rate, always measured per 1000 per year.

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Causes of Population

Push factors:

  • War
  • Disease
  • Natural disasters
  • Unemployment
  • Predjuduce 
  • Dictatorship

Pull factors:

  • Jobs - better pay
  • Education
  • Better qulaity of life 
  • Better health care
  • Peace  
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Migration Policies

Open door policy:

  • Country's governments leave their borders open in hope people will come into their country. 
  • Advantages:- Immagrants bring jobs, Help with ageing population crisis, help with youthful population crisis, supports the country.
  • Disadvantages:- Could get an overflow of people coming into your country which could just create another problem such as overpopulation and ageing or youhtful population.

Point based systems:

  • The country will give you points based on what your job is and what you have to offer and then based on the amount of points you get wil determin if youre allowed into that country or not.
  • Advantages:- Makes sure only well skilled people can come in, Country can be picky with who comes in, don't have a overcrowded population.
  • Disadvantages:- Could be faced with a lack of people in the counrty due to pickiness with who comes in, could get more offers from jobs that aren't needed and little offers from jobs the country wants. 
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Impacts of migration

Impacts on host country:

  • Overpopulated 
  • Strain on resourses 
  • Culural diversity 
  • Strain on health care
  • Less housing
  • Conflict 
  • Help supporting the ageing population
  • more pollution

Impacts on origin country:

  • Under population
  • Lack of people to do jobs 
  • Lower birth rate 
  • Lower death rate
  • More resources 
  • More housing
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Examples of migrantion

Forced:

  • This is when someone has no choice but to leave an area.
  • Reasons for this could be war, disease, natural disasters, prosecution.
  • Mo Farah had to leave his country because he was ill and needed better health care to make him better, there was also a war going on and this is why his brother, Hassan, had to leave. 

Economic:

  • This is someone who moves country in order to get a better quality of life.
  • This could include seeking better paid jobs, better health care, education and peace.
  • Many people from North Africa are migrating to Italy as there is currently a civil war going on in Syria. They are moving to Italy because it is a close, peaceful place that can provide them with good paying jobs and an education for their children. 
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