Geography 1.6 Urban Settlements 2
- Created by: lalisazara
- Created on: 07-09-18 08:36
Urban land use
urban land use: a simplified model of the land use that may be found in towns and cities
The growth of cities in the 19th/early 20th century produced a form recognizable by its ULU
- central commercial area
- surrounding industrial zone
- densely packed housing
- outer zones of suburban expansion and development
Land Value: varies with different land uses; land in the centre of cities is the most expensive
- the most accesbile land to public transport
- only a small amount available
- land prices decrease away from the central area
Burgess's concentric/Hoyt's sector M (1925-39)
1. Asummed new migrants moved into inner city areas where housing was cheapest+closest to sources of employment
- residents move out of the inner city area as they become wealthier
- in the model, housing quality/social class increases with distance from centre
Centre Land-commerce
Beyond Centre-manufacturing zone (includes high denisty housing for workers)
Zone of Transition- from commercial to residential
2.
- emphasises the importance of transport routes + the incompatibility of certain land uses
- sectors develop along important routeways
- certain land uses deter each other and are separated by buffer zones/physical features
- ---high-class residential and manufacturing industry
Urban land use:Developing countries Latin America
The CBD is developed around the colonial core; commercial avenue extending from it.
- that is the spine of a sector containing open areas, parks and homes for upper/middle class; has good-quality streets, schools, public services
- more employment opportunities
Further Out: recent suburbs (fewer services, haphazard housing)
Older established housing: along some sectors extending in towards the city centre
Industrial Areas: scattered alongmajor transport routes
Land use zoning in Developing Countries
Models describing development of cities in developing countries:
- the rich live closer to the city centre, the poor are found on the periphery
- better-quality land is occupied by the wealthy
- segregation by wealth, race and ethnicity
- manufacturing is scattered throughout the city
Internal Structure of towns/cities #1
CBD "Central Business District": the commercial/economic core of the city
- multistorey development: high land values force buildings to grow upwards; total floor space of CBD is much greater than the ground space
- concentration of retailing: high accessibility levels attract shops w. high range + thresholds (e.g department stores in central areas vs. specialist shops in less accessible areas)
- concentration of public transport: convergence of bus routes
- concentration of offices: centrality favours office development
- vertical zoning: shops on lower floors for accessibility, offices on upper floors
- functional grouping: similar shops/functions tend to locate together (increases their thresholds)
Internal Structure of towns/cities #2
- low residential pop: high bid rents can only be met by luxury apartments
- highest pedestrian flow: attractive commercial outlets / service facilities
- highest traffic restrictions:pedestrianisation has reduced car access since the 1960s
- CBD changes over time: assimilation zone:direction in which CBD is expanding discard zone: direction from which it is moving away
Disadvantages:
- lack of space/sites
- high cost of land
- congestion
- pollution
- planning restrictions
- strict government controls
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