Gender Dysphoria 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyGenderA2/A-levelAQA Created by: KCharlishCreated on: 29-05-16 17:33 AO1 Childhood trauma Mental illness caused by some childhood trauma or maladaptive upbringing Coates - studied a boy with GID defensive reaction to mothers depression following an abortion led to a cross gender fantasy as a means of resolving the anxiety 1 of 11 AO1 Male hormones abnormal prenatal exposure to male hormones mismatch between hormones and genetic sex CAH - ** individuals have high levels of hormones prenatally and develop a small penis sex typed as male outcome = gender dysphoria 2 of 11 AO1 Transsexual gene Hare et al 112 MtF trans. found a version of the androgen receptor gene that caused reduce action of testosterone effect gender development = dysphoria 3 of 11 AO1 Brain sex theory BSTc Twice as large in heterosexual men as in heterosexual women 2x as many neurons Zhou et al number of neurons in the BSTc of MtF trans. was similar to females size of BSTc correlates with preferred sex 4 of 11 AO2 Little support for Psychological explanations Cole 435 individuals experiencing GD range of psychiatric disorders no greater than found in normal population GD is unrelated to mental illness 5 of 11 AO2 Inconsistent research not been consistent reseach for abnormal exposure to male hormones Dessens 250 genetic females with CAH who were raised as females 95% content with role despite pre natal exposure to male hormones remaining 5% did experience GD generally no clear relationship 6 of 11 AO2 Chung Chung differences in BSTc volume did not develop until adulthood most trans report feelings of GD in early childhood BSTc differences may be an effect 7 of 11 AO2 Support - Rametti Rametti studied the brains of FtM trans before transgender hormone therapy - in terms of white matter FtM individuals had a more similar pattern to individuals who share their gender identity 8 of 11 IDA Campaigns providing information about the effects of erraneous sex assignations and determining the best solutions organisations campaign for the rights of intersexes and rely on reseaech evidence to show influences of gender self concepts 9 of 11 AO2 Types of Gender Dysphoria different types Blanchard Homosexual transsexuals - attracted to men Non Homosexual transsexuals - sexually aroused by the thought of themselves as a woman Needs to be different explanations 10 of 11 IDA Sensitive nature biological cause identified = others more accepting about the needs of trans. harm individuals born with the abnormality - assumed transsexualism is inevitable 11 of 11
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