GCSE Music AoS1

Included
* Telling the difference between time period
* Structure/form
* Textures
* Devices
* Dynamics/tempos

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  • Created by: rose
  • Created on: 28-03-09 20:27

Baroque/Classical

Baroque – 1600-1750 Bach, Teleman, Vivaldi, Pachelbel

* Harpsichord

* Bass line usually cello

* Small orchestras

Classical – 1750-1820 Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven

* Bigger orchestras

* No harpsichord

* More brass/woodwind

* Some percussion

* Piano

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Romantic

Romantic – 1820-1900 Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Schumann, Schubert

* Huge orchestras

* Bigger percussion

* Lots of brass/woodwind

* Trombones, tubas and clarinets

* Trumpets valved – more complicated

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Structure/Form

Binary – AB

Ternary – ABA

Rondo – ABACADA etc. Only in classical.

Ground Bass – Repeating bass line

Theme and Variations – Theme followed by a set of variations, things changed like key, rhythms

Canon – Melody in one part is repeated later in another part

Theme – A melody providing the basis for development of a piece

Motif – A shorter version of a theme, a small idea

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Textures

Unison – Everyone plays the same

Monophonic – Music with just a tune, nothing else

Polyphonic – Lots of different melodies weaving against each other

Homophonic – All parts move together

Heterophonic – A decorated form of the melody being played at the same time as the melody

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Devices

Ostinato – repeating pattern

Basso continuo – continuous bass line through a piece

Pedal – A sustained or repeating note, also called a drone

Cadences – 2 chords at the end of a phrase. Usually perfect V-I or imperfect ending in V

Alberti Bass- Repeating bass line made up from a broken chord

Ornaments – Decoration added to melody ie trills

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Dynamics

Pianissimo (pp) – Very soft

Piano (p) – Soft

Mezzo piano (mp) – Moderately soft

Mezzo forte (mf) – Moderately loud

Forte (f) – Loud

Fortissimo (ff) – Very loud

Crescendo – Getting louder

Decrescendo – Getting softer

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Tempos

Presto – Fast

Allegro – Lively

Allegretto – Slower than allegro

Andante – Walking pace

Moderato – Moderate pace

Adagio – Slow

Ritardando – Slow down

Accelerando – Get faster

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