Formulae to learn | GCSE Maths (9-1) | Edexcel | Foundation & Higher

Rectangle = length * width

Parallelogram = base * height (not slanting edge)

Triangle = ½ * base * height

Trapezium = ½ (a + b) * height (half the sum of the parallel sides, times the distance between them)

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Foundation | Higher

Cuboid  = length * width * height

Prism = area of cross section * length

Cylinder =  π * radius² * height (radius = centre to circumference)

Pyramid = ⅓ * area of base * height

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Foundation | Higher

Circumference = π * diameter / π * 2 * radius

Area = π * radius²

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Foundation | Higher

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Density = Mass ÷ Volume

Pressure = Force ÷ Area

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Foundation | Higher

Pythagoras' Theorem:

• a² + b² = c² (where c is the longest side / hypotenuse)

Trigonometric ratios:

• sin A° = opposite ÷ hypotenuse
• cos A° = adjacent ÷ hypotenuse
• tan A° = opposite ÷ adjacent

Cosine Rule: a² = b² + c² - 2bc cosA (when given 2 sides and the included angle or all 3 sides)

Sine Rule: a ÷ sinA = b ÷ sinB = c ÷ sinC (when the above rule does not apply)

Area of a triangle = ½ ab sinC

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Foundation | Higher

Solutions of ax² + bx + c  = 0, where a ≠ 0:

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Foundation | Higher