Features which maximise efficiency of gas exchange surfaces

Revision cards showing the features which help increase the efficiency of gas exchange surfaces and the reasons why.

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Blood

  • Maintain a concerntration gradient
  • Carry respiratory pigments such as haemoglobin which holds oxygen ( 1 haemoglobin can carry 4 O2 molecules)
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Moist surfaces/ Cell Membranes

  • Allow gases to dissolve then diffuse across cell membranes
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Partially Permeable Membranes

  • Allow molecules to diffuse in and out of cells
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Thin Membranes

  • Short diffusion pathway to reduce the time it takes for diffusion
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Large Surface Area to Volume Ratio

  • Greater surface area for diffusion to take place upon
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