Reduction of working hours/better wages -> increased time to attend matches/pay for leisure activities
Improvements in railways/transport -> easier access to events/able to attend matches played further away
Improved communication/media -> promotion role models/celebrities/awareness of events
Emergence of middle classes -> opportunity for business/social control/need to entertain the masses/encourage better social morals
Creation of governing bodies/development of rational recreation -> organised competitions/leagues/standardised rules/regulations/codification/regular fixtures
Creation of teams from factories/churches/ex-public school boys -> local opportunity for spectators/creation of sense of community
Emergence of professional teams -> exciting spectacle/higher standard of play
Urbanisation -> need for alternative sporting activities due to lack of space/large population close together made spectating necessary/loss of mob games/growth of towns/cities
Commercialisation -> opportunities to develop professional teams/spectator team identity develop new stadiums
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