F321.3: Moles, Equations and Acids

Cards which contain all the definitions, and some explanations and formulae, for Unit 1.3, Moles, Equations and Acids.

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Amount of Substance

Measured in moles and given the symbol n.

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Avogadro's Constant (NA)

The number of particles per mole; equal to 6.02 x 10^23

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Moles and Particles

Moles = no. of particles/6.02 x 10^23

No. of particles = moles x 6.02 x 10^23

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Moles and Mass

Mass(g) = moles x molar mass

Moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass = mass/moles

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Molar Mass (Mr)

The mass of 1 mole of a substance.

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Empirical Formula

The lowest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.

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Molecular Formula

The actual ratio of number of atoms of each element in a compound.

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Moles in Solution

Moles = concentration (moldm-3) x volume (dm3)

Concentration = moles/volume

Volume = moles/concentration

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Moles in Gas

Volume(dm^3) = moles x 24

Moles = volume/24

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Acid

Proton donor.

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Base

Proton acceptor.

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Alkali

A soluble base which releases OH- ions in solution.

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Salt

Formed when the H+ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or ammonium ion (NH4^+)

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Anhydrous Salt

The compound which remains when the water of crystallisation is removed from a hydrated salt.

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Hydrated Salt

A complex compound which has water molecules incorporated.

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Water of Crystallisation

Water molecules which make up part of the crystal structure of a compound and are easily removed by heating.

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