Eyjafjallajokull case study

Primary

• Lava flow onto area immidiately surrounding the first fissure eruption.
• Ash cloud from second eruption thrown up 5 miles into the atmosphere.

Secondary

• The second eruption caused melt of the glacier. 1st day of 2nd eruption there were 2 flash floods damaging the main road around the island and stopping traffic.
• THe ash covered the surrounding farmland forcing the farmers to move their livestock.
• The ash that was thrown up into the atmosphere caused airspace over most of Europe to be closed, forcing people to be stranded abroad which cost companies £millions to try and get them home.
• Businesses as employees were stranded abroad. 

• Fertile soils. Farmers to the south of the volcano reported record yields the following year
• Because so many flights were grounded there was a huge decrease in CO2 emissions. An estimated 1.2 - 2.8 million tonnes of CO2 stopped from going to the atmosphere.
• Coach + Cruise ship companies benefitted as they helped stranded people get home.
• Some people enjoyed their extended holiday and werent too bothered about being stranded.
• The tectonic activity in Iceland provides geothermal heating - so cheap energy, enabling farmers to heat greenhouses and outdoor thermal bathing

• Thousands of airline passengers were stranded all over the world.
• Airlines + holiday companies lost millions as their flights were grounded and they had to pay for ways back or accomodation.
• Fruit and Veg etc. lost as the produce couldnt be flown around the world.
• Farmers livestock had to be moved.
• There can be long term healt issues if the ash gets in your eyes or lungs so face masks had to be worn to protect these.

• Flights grounded and within 4 days nearly all of Europes major airports were closed.
• Meteoroligists and air safety moniter ash cloud closely
• Livestock moved to safety
• 800 residents next to the volcano evacuated
• Roads quickly repairedas only one route round the island.

• Air fares increased as companies attmept to recoup losses.
• Better equipment to measure ash levels.
• Tourism is premoted to see the effects of the volcano
• Local shops stock souvenirs
• President of Iceland urges European governments to plan for future eruptions