Universal energy molecule (short-term storage of energy)
Released by hydrolysis of glucose in cellular respiration
Energy released by breaking covalent bond between phosphate groups, releasing vast amounts of energy per phosphate group, triggering the molecule to release energy for use in various processes within organisms
Plants: photosynthetic phosphorylation occurs during photosynthesis in chlorophyll-containing cells, reconverting AMP & ADP to ATP
Aerobic cells: oxidative phosphorylation occurs during cellular respiration, enabling energy to be released from ATP molecules for variety of cellular processes
Provides energy required to build macromolecules from component units (DNA replication)
Energy for cellular movement (muscular contraction, ciliary action & spindle action) - growth in eukaryotic cells
Energy for active transport & secretion of products
Makes chemicals more reactive, enabling them to react more readily (phosphorylation of glucose at 1st stage of respiration) by adding extra phosphate group (more energy released in intiation of break-down of molecule = more reactive)
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