Ethics and Deviance

Deviance - unacceptable behaviour within a culture that differs from social and legal norm

Blood doping - process of removing + re-inhecting blood to increase red blood count to increase haemoglobin + therefore O2 transport

Examples:

• anabolic steroids - allow athletes to train harder for longer to increase strength + agression
• beta blockers - control HR + keep keep athletes calm
• stimulants - increase alertness e.g. amphetamins

Legal supplements advantages + disadvantages:

• + dietary supplements build muscle, increase stamina + control weight
• + ergogenic aids increase strength, performance + recovery
• + staying hydrated through water + energy drinks improves performance
• - some supplements aren't as seen + could be contaminated or contain banned substances
• - possible negative health impacts of creatine supplements
• - high sugar content in energy drinks so obesity + tooth decay
• - not in spirit of fair play

Reasons for doping:

• pressure to succeed from coaches/politics e.g. Russia
• high monetary rewards
• if you can't beat them join them attitude

Consequences of taking drugs:

• society seen as corrupt with win at all costs attitude
• concept of fair play challenged
• sports become tainted + struggle for sponsorship e.g. cycling
• dangers to health + wellbeing

Strategies to stop use of doping:

• WADA provides list of banned substances + funds research
• testing carried out in + out of competition
• drug education provided for athletes + coaches
• creating culture of it being wrong
• more rigerous punishment - WADA doubled ban in 2015

Causes of violence:

• overwhelming desire to win
• physicality of sport e.g. rugby
• frustration over escorts
• alcohol or drugs
• rivalries
• media increasing tensions
• perception of unfairness

Implications of violence in sport:

• reflection of society - spectators relish violence in sport e.g. rugby
• playing strategies encouraging violence should be punished
• rule changes should be adopted to make violence less likely
• performers should be aware they're role models + responsible for their actions

Strategies to prevent violence:

• education of performers encouraging awareness of emotions + stress levels
• punishments - fines bans + docking points
• encouraging coaches to promote assertion instead of aggression
• law enforcement for spectators (banning orders) using ponsorship methods e.g. CCTV