the principle of utility - the greatest amount of good for the greatest number
it is telelogical - focuses on the outcomes
It is split into two categories:
ACT AND RULE UTILITARIANISM
Act - created by John Stuart Mill, the idea that rules should be broken to fit the principle of utility, takes into account all situations are different
Mill distingushed between higher and lower pleasures; higher pleasures being ones that enrich your mind such as reading Plato's work and lower pleasures such as watching Friends on TV
Rule - created by Bentham
strong rule - always stick to rules they are absolutist
Weak rule - bit like act util, they go against rules if better for others, it becomes subjective
Bentham had a Hedonic Calculus that told us pain from pleasure
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