The three R's: Replace, Reduce, Refine
Banner Committee 1996 FAWC adopted three guiding principles agreed by the Banner Committee:
1. Harms of a certain degree and kind ought under no circumstances to be inflicted upon an animal.
2. Any harm to an animal, even if not absolutely impermissible, nonetheless requires justification and must be outweighed by the good which is realistically sought in so treating it.
3. Any harm which is justified by the second principle ought, however, to be minimized as far as is reasonably possible
Further legislation Animal Welfare Act 2006. Largely replaced Protection of Animals Act 1911. Introduced the new welfare offence: animal owners have a positive duty of care; and outlaws neglecting to provide for their animals' basic needs, such as access to adequate nutrition and veterinary care. Outlaws tail docking of dogs.
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