English Language Revision
A summary for the English Language Paper
- Created by: Jessica
- Created on: 09-05-12 16:32
Writing to Persuade
When writing to PERSUADE, there are a few techniques that you need to remember. You can remember these by remembering the phrase THE RED RASP, which stands for:
Tricolon Repetition Rhetorical questions
Hyperbole Empathy Arguement & Counter Arguement
Emotive Language Discourse Markers Statements dressed as facts
Personal Pronouns
Include at least one of these techniques in every sentence :)
Writing to Argue
When writing to ARGUE, there are a few techniques that you need to remember. There are the same techniques as writing to PERSUADE but you need both sides of the arguement.
Tricolon Repetition Rhetorical questions
Hyperbole Empathy Arguement & Counter Arguement
Emotive Language Discourse Markers Statements dressed as facts
Personal Pronouns
When writing to ARGUE, you need to make sure you have a bold opening statement, which shows what you are takling about, and why. You then need a good first point, followed by a good second point. You need to back up your arguements with EVIDENCE, which can be facts and statistics. you then need to state the opposing side of the arguement, also backing this up with evidence. You need a strong final statement, which is almost PERSUASIVE.
Writing to Describe
When writing to DESCRIBE, there is a very simple mnemonic to remember:
Simile
Onomatapoeia
Metaphor
Personification
(SOMP)
Writing to Explain
When writing to EXPLAIN, make sure you do the following:
- Topics broken down
- Factaul
- Balanced View
- Evidence to support points
- Third/First person
- Connectives of Comparison
To remember these devices and techniques, memorise the sentence below:
The Fat Bloke Eats The Chocolate
Writing to Advise
When writing to ADVISE, remember the following key points:
- RAdvice must be based on FACTS
- It should be LOGICAL
- Offer 'clear' REASONS, not persuasive reasons
- Write with FORMALITY
- Be POSITIVE
- Avoid 'I' or 'YOU' - you need to sound DETATCHED
- Include SUBHEADINGS, breakig down Key Points
- Bullet Points (not the whole thing, combine with sentenceS)
- Don't argue or persuade
Frogs Leap Randomly From Particular Dance Stores, Becoming Deviant
Writing to Inform
When writing to INFORM, remembering this sentence will make sure you remember the techniques needed for a good quality, informative piece of work:
- Present Tense
- Factual
- Connectives / Discourse Markers
- Short, clear sentences
- Technical Terms
- Reader addessed as 'YOU'
-
Pink Flamingoes Can Sometimes Tell Riddles
A Quick Summary...
Argue - THE RED RASP & EVIDENCE
Persuade - THE RED RASP
Advise - Frogs Leap Randomly From Particular Dance Stores, Becoming Deviant
Explain - The Fat Bloke Eats The Chocolate (explanation)
Inform - Pink Flamingoes Can Sometimes Tell Riddles
Describe - SOMP
Presentational Devices
Presentation and Layout...
- Headings and subheadings
- Straplines and Quotations
- Captions and Slogans
- Logo's and Symbols
- Graphics and Photographs, Diagrams
- Borders, Text Boxes, and Charts
- Bullet Points and lists
- Links and Websites
- Font Styles and Size (bold, italic, CAPITALS, underlined)
- Colour
Genre Conventions
Advertising is considered very influential and powerful in persuading consumers to buy or do something. They can do this by GENRE CONVENTIONS:
- Standard Layout, structure and tone of any piece
- Tone will generate sympathy for the subject
- Informal but serious language - Sympathetic
- Personal Pronouns, engage the reader
- Specific case histories used to add sympathy
- Pictures will support the tone of the piece
- Text and Pictures - placed in blocks, appeal to reader
- Semiotics - study of signs for meaning: Colours, font size and shape, lighting, use of stereotypes (in adverts for example), use of foregrounding/ backgrounding
Stages of Genre Conventions
Advertisers try to communicate with the reader and make an attempt to connect with their lifestyle. They do this by:
1) Building relations through personalisation, with IMPERATIVES, 2nd Person Pronouns (You, Your, You're), and LEVELS OF FORMALITY. This makes the reader feel as though they are being addressed individually.
2) How advertising works to create an image of the product: Visual Elements provide a mental picture of an individual who may be an ideal user of the product, and also Verbal/Linguistic cues to support the intended image.
3) Building the Consumer, by making the reader think that the product is for them, and their lifestyle, and by using 'hooks' to draw the reader in.
Analysing Adverts
Here are some of the things to look out for when analysing adverts:
- Hooks
- Imperatives
- Pesonal Pronouns
- Pictures
- Use of emotive language
- Hyperbole
- Repetition
- Slogan/Headings/Subheadings
- Rhetorical Questions
- Statements dressed as facts
- Semiotics
- Structure
- Backgrounding/Foregrounding
- Statements dressed as facts
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