English Language

6 categories appear in oral narratives:

1) Abstract: introducing the narrative

2) Orientation: 'who', 'where', 'what', 'why' (contextualisation)

3) Complicating Action: main body of narrative

4) Evaluation: speaker highlights important moments and commands listeners' attention

5) Resolution: final events used to give narrative closure

6) Coda: signal that the narrative is finished; sometimes does so by referring to the beginning of the narrative