English

Metaphore - when you portray a person, place, thing, or an action as being something else, even though it is not actually that “something else,” you are speaking metaphorically. 

e.g. “My brother is the black sheep of the family,”

Simile - A simile is a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things. Unlike a metaphore, a simile draws resemblance with the help of the words “like” or “as.” Therefore, it is a direct comparison.

e.g. “John is as slow as a snail.”

Personification - Personification is a figure of speech in which a thing – an idea or an animal – is given human attributes. The non-human objects are portrayed in such a way that we feel they have the ability to act like human beings.

e.g. "Look at my car. She is a beauty, isn’t she?"

Juxtaposition - Juxtaposition is a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side in a narative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.

e.g. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times"

Alliteration -  It is characterized by a number of words, typically three or more, that have the same first consonant sound fall within the same sentence or phrase.

e.g. “Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers.”

Sibilance - Sibilance is a literary device where strongly stressed consonants are created deliberately by producing air from vocal tracts through the use of lips and tongue. Such consonants produce hissing sounds. However, in poetry, it is used as a stylistic device and sibilants are used more than twice in quick succession. Most of the times, the “s” sound is the sibilant.

e.g. “Sing a Song of Sixpence”

Onomatopoeia - Onomatopoeia is defined as a word, which imitates the natural sounds of a thing. It creates a sound effect that mimics the thing described, making the description more expressive and interesting.

e.g. The buzzing bee flew away.

Parallel syntax - Syntax is a set of rules in a language. It dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought.

e.g.  “Go out I cannot”

Repitition - Repetition is a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer.

e.g. If you think you can do it, you can do it.

Past participal - Past participal is the third form of a verb. In regular verbs, it is the same as the original verb. However, in irregular verbs, a past participle is a word that uses “-ed,” “-d,” and sometimes “-t” at the end of its present or first form.

e.g. She has learned

Present participle - Present participal is a form of verb that uses “-ing” with the base of the word. Most of the times, it performs the function of an adjective, though it also works as a verb or a subject in construction.

e.g. The crying girl took a long breath and laid down on the couch.

Topic shift - The point at which characters move from one topic to another.

Zooming in - Allows us to focus on a detail we would otherwise miss.

Zooming out - To focus on an object or minor detail fisrt, then the writer widens the veiw to give an overview.

Foreshadowing - An advanced sign or warning of what is to come in the future.

Dialogue - A conversation between two or more people.

Cyclical structure - A story that ends in the same place it began.

Chronological order - The arrangement of things following one after another in time.

Flash back - A scene set in a time earlier than the main story.

Contrast - To compare to show unlikeness or differences.

Mirroring - Characters copying other characters.

Repitition of motifs - Any recurring element that has symbolic significance in a story.

Cliff hanger - A difficult dilemma or a shocking revelation at the end of the narrative.

Transicions - Words or phrases creating powerful links between ideas.

Tenses - The place in time the narrative takes place.

Declarative sentence - Declarative sentences are the opposite of questions. Known as a "mood" in the grammar world, you can also use declarative to describe other things that make a definite statement. A strongly worded political sign could be declarative. A tone of voice could be confident and declarative.

Interrogative sentence - An interrogative sentence is simply a sentence that asks a question-that is, we use it when we interrogate someone for information. Interrogative sentences always end with question marks.

Imperative - Simple Definition of imperative.: a command, rule, duty, etc., that is very important or necessary. Grammar the imperative: the form that a verb or sentence has when it is expressing a command.: an imperative verb or sentence.

Rhetorical sentence -employed for rhetorical effect; especially:  asked merely for effect with no answer expected.

Exclamatory sentence - The most common way of defining exclamatory sentences is by function (purpose). From this perspective, a sentence is exclamatory if it ends with an exclamation mark. The exclamation mark indicates strong emotion.