Elizabethan problems

Catholicism - Pope, decorations, coloured vestments, church can forgive sins, latin,  'old religion'

Protestantism - no pope, plain/simple, simple vestements, god forgive only, english, new religion'

Puritanism - no pope, bare, no vestements, god forgive only, english, 'strict protestants,

- 1559

- marian bishops refused to vote for protestant worship -  Liz arrested 2

- didnt want to punish for beliefs/ have rebellions

- church service: book of common prayer, clergy had to use this, refusal punished 

- supreme head --> supreme govenor [ acts of supermacy and uniformity] 

- protestant country but looked Cath

- no pope

parliament passed it

took autumn 1558 to make it

- people accepted it + aim ws to unite country

• unneeded crucifix - but caths liked - liz gave in as bishops threatened to leave + no replacements

• didnt like vestments, but caths did - liz didnt back down

• book of adverts - say what preists should wear - 37 refused to go to an exhibition and lost jobs
• pope 'rebel + dont go 2 church' , liz not bad punish as = martyrs= get sympathy
• liz helped Fr prot rebels
• but cath + prot = peace
• liz accepted loss to calais so no angry Fr
• angered King of Spain by supporting prot rebels

•  strong claim to throne + married to french King
• when hub died [1560] = bact 2 scot - prot land had more control
• liz wouldnt say mary was heir as she was cath and would divide country
• her mum was overthrown by scots who supported liz 
• = treaty of edingburg signed = mary would give up claim to throne
• remmaried 1565 to lord Darnley [ murdered 2yrs l8r by earl of bothwell
• people thought mary was involved + prot scot lords forced her to abdicate
• mary fled to england and asked liz for help to regain scot throne
• no decision for mary's guilt so locked her up - kill = mad FR and SP but sent abroad = mad Scot

• Earl o northumberland , westmorland [cath and important] and duke o northfolk [most senior nonle and prot. 1570s early
• lost influence, wanted cath, MQoS could help, liz didnt name an heir/ marry + opposed RS
• marry mary = liz heir and overthrow liz with mary 
• liz tipped off + arrested DoN and mary moved further away
• other 2 took over parts of north but liz crushed rebellion w/ troops.
• spain did not help like said and EoW escaped but EoN executed
• pope excommunicated liz and ordered caths to overthor her
• new law 'treason to q liz' and prepared to give harsher treatment
• Most caths stayed loyal but liz suspicious

• anthony B - page of Early of shrewsbury [ reason for marys custody] 
• carried letters to mary in 1580s
• to murder liz and make M queen + cath
• walsingham spies to get evidence against mary
• 6 steps to rid of prot = 1-4 = plan a succesfull invasion by foeign army. 5 = free mary 6=dispatch of usurper
• spies in Ms house and intercepted sent letters through barrels 
• Bab and 2 tried to flee but executed in 1586 sept = mary moved further
• october = comissioners found mary guilty of plotting and said should be killed
• strategic + spainto help but gov onto them and spies

• roberto italian banker - sent meesages to duke of alva [netherlands], pope, and phil to invade england.
• ridolfi met DoA to persuade him but he refused and told phil to invade after liz overthrown 
• DoN servants betrayed him and he was arrested sept = had plan written out
• could blab and DoA didnt think it would work but eng caths would help and spain = big army
• DoN killed jun 1572 and Ridolfi went to rome and became a senator
• span ambass expelled but relations didnt improve
• didnt kill mary and not loyal = traitor
• fear of cath attack and prots killed in france [foreignn attack]

• francis t carried letters M-Fr and span ambass also in contact with mebers of cath nobility
• with money from spain and french army free mary as queen and restore cath monarch and country
• april 1583 - francis was surveillanced and gov arressted him - house was searched and papers found
• evidence about cath noble involvement and harbours for foreign invasion
• francis claimed it went no further as no money from phil
• no evidence against mary except throckmortons statement after torture
• span ambass expelled and francis expelled and killed - 1584 july
• earls were arrested
• intensified efforts to protect liz and prot

why:

• war / spain and foreign involvment in plots ^ danger
• liz under pressure form councillors + parliament to kill mary
• cath mary attracted support from caths who opposed RS
• strong claim to throne (married cousin )
• plots ^ danger
• evidence mary knew about plots
• 1569-71 plots = liz in danger and 1573 - plan for foreign invasion to restore cath
• 1584-85 assassination of william orange + outbreak of spain war - worried gov of cath threat
• 1586 plots walsingham had evidence against mary 
• 1587 trial + liz signed death warrant in july
• mary executed