Divisive War: 1844-1850

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Effects of the Mexican War

  1. Party weakening 
    1. Dems: Support War
    2. Whigs: Ambivalent 
      1. Consciences-oppose on moral grounds 
      2. Free Soil-land should be left for free white people 
  2. Whigs control House in
    1. 1846: Wilmot Proviso - 
      1. if u get land for Mexico must be free land 
        1. Stop slavery expanding
  3. 1848: Mexican Cession 
  4. Election of 1848 
    1. Dem: Cass-Expansion
    2. Whigs: Taylor-no slavery in territories 
    3. Free Soil: Van Buren no slavery in territories 
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End of Second Party System

  •  Whig demise free-soil party pushes N. Whigs to be stronger against slavery 
  • Election of 1852: 
    • Dem: Pierce-expansion 
    • Whigs: pass over Fillmore, who supported the Compromise of 1850, choose Scott 
  • Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 
    • Bleeding Kansas - John Brown, Sumner 
  • Dred Scott (1857)
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1848: California Gold Rush

  • Apply for statehood 
  • Congress's Response: 
    • Calhoun: dual presidents 
    • James Buchanan and northern Dems: extend MO Comprise to Pacific 
    • Douglas: squatter sovereignty
    • Conscience Whigs: restrict slavery from territories 
    • Compromise of 1850 
      • Crafted by Douglas (D) and Webster (Whig)
      • CA: Free state 
      • NM/TX border: Favor NM 
      • No slave trade in DC
      • Mexican Cession-pop. Sov. 
      • New Fugitive Slave Law
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