Diverse Places Case Studies

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  • Created by: Alemae
  • Created on: 22-08-17 20:47

Victorian London

Victorian London

Context:

  • Industrial Revolution
  • Promise of money in the cities
  • Life expectancy = 37
  • Germ Theory was non-existent as invented by Louis Pasteur in 1861 
  • No trade unions  allowed until 182 = exploitation
  • Laissez faire attitudes by rich - poor are lazy

Wealthy:

  • 4-6 kids
  • Middle class and upper class victorians = 15% of population
  • 1/2 tonnes of coal were used per day
  • A clerk was paid £75 - 500 a week
  • Illnesses = Gout/Old age

Poor:

  • 60% of all orphans were criminals
  • Charles Booth = 1/3 of all Londoners were poor
  • Manual labour =  £1 a week
  • Illnesses = Smallpox/Cholera(1832 - 55,000 deaths).
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London 21st Century

London 21st Century

  • 72% employment rate
  • 27% of Londoners live in poverty
  • $83 billion added to London's economy by migrants
  • 30% of Londons population is migrants (1995)
  • 397 nightclubs
  • 4th place on list of in London most expensive cities to buy in
  • 40 different sacred religious sits according to Tripadvisor
  • University students = expensive
  • Lots of jobs and leisure due to it being a World City

Who is it the most appealing to?

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Russian Oligarchs

Russian Oligarchs (see Globalisation)

  • They bring their wealth into the U.K as a stable currency and economy (sterling)
  • 2014 sanction in Russia due to invading Ukraine
  • Chosen segregation
  • Little bit of Russia but pass as British
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Angell Town Brixton (inner city)

Angell Town Brixton (inner city)

  • E. European/Caribbean migrants
  • Crime (X2 london rate)
  • 1/5 stop and search results found knife
  • 600 arrsts in 2014
  • Centre of the city
  • UKs 10% most deprived
  • More than 1/2 in Poverty
  • Black and Minority = 62%
  • Ambulance call out 63% higher than London averages
  • Life Expectancy = 73 (5 years lower than London average)

Quote:

"....the kind of estate outsiders fear to enter"    (evening standard)

Who lives in this area?

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Richmond Upon Thames (suburban)

Richmond Upon Thames (suburban)

  • Lowest rate of Childhood obesity in London boroughs at 11%
  • 3% of people unemployed
  • Over 100 parksand open spaces
  • Rated as No. 1 London's safest borough
  • 4th smallest social housing sector in Greater London
  • 86% white (6% Asian)
  • Tube to London Central (45 minutes)
  • 44 primary schools

Who is it the most appealing to?

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Westminster (inner city)

Westminster (inner city)

  • 15 bars
  • Average income = £36,000    (vs. 2015 London's average salary of £48,023)
  • 9% unemployed
  • 35% white british (2011 census)
  • 64% English Main Language
  • 22 crimes per 100 residents
  • Christianity = 45% (Muslim next biggest at 18%)
  • Pop = 233,300 (2014)
  • 53% of population orn outside U.K
  • 73% of population are working age
  • Cheapest 2 bedroom flat ret pw = £995
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Newham (East London)

Newham (East London)

  • Population Density = 8700 people per km2
  • Average Age = 30 years old
  • Largest Age Group = 21 - 40
  • General Fertility Rate per 1000 = 77 (2014)
  • Impact of internal migration = More uni students and young graduates to work in city's knowledge economy
  • Impact of inter-national migration =

Newham's non-UK born population grew by 72,000 (2001-2011)

2011 - 55 of population are foreign-born

  • Accessbility =

Only 10 minutes from London's financial centre

15 minutes from West-End's clubs and theatres

  • Challenges for Plannners = Increasing population and its consequences
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Kingston-Upon-Thames (S.W. London)

Kingston-Upon-Thames (S.W. London)

  • Population density = 4400 people per km2
  • Average age = 37 years old
  • Largest age groups = 20-50 years old
  • General Fertility Rate per 1000 = 57 (2014)
  • Impact of internal migration =

High income families come to start families as houding prices are high!

  • Impact of inter-national migration =

Only 20% foreign born

Biggest sources - India, Polan and Ireland

  • Accessibility = 12 trains per hour for 30 minute journey to Central London (A.K.A one every 10 minutes)
  • Physical Factors = London's Green Belt restricts growth
  • Challenges for Planners = much of land is protected parkland
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North Yorkshire (N. England)

North Yorkshire (N. England)

  • Population Density = 68 people per km2
  • Average Age = 40 years old
  • Largest Age Group = 40-70 years old (ageing population issue)
  • General Fertility per 1000 = 60 (2014)
  • Impact of Internal Migration -

Scarborough and Harrogate increasing population

People seeking country living

  • Impact of inte-national migration - >5% foreign born
  • Accessibility = Places with increasing population are accessible, but others such as the Pennies and North York Moors are remote upland
  • Physical Factors = Hilly land = less desirable as more remote
  • Challenges for planners = encouraging new employment and housing
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Highlands (Scotland)

Highlands (Scotland)

  • Population Density = 9 peopleper km2
  • Average Age = 43 years old
  • Largest Age Group = 40-70 years old (ageing population issue)
  • General fertility rate per 1000 = 56% (2014)
  • Impact of internal migration =

Increasing population as retired and families seek rural life

  • Impact of inter-national migration - very few
  • Accessibility = Problems apart from Iverness Airport

Country roads meander

  • Physical Factors = Winter Storms and snow make access hard

Mountains

  • Challenges for Planners = Providing services reguarly such as recycling and internet, as well as stopping people leaving
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Southall (London)

Southall (London) (see Globalisation)

  • Immigration in the 50s, 60s and 70s due to the 1948 Windrush
  • Often referred to as "Little India"
  • Language barriers
  • Racism in the 1950s
  • Largest Asian community in London
  • Punjabi shopping centre
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Birmingham U.K.

Birmingham U.K.

Diversity in population in 2009:

  • Population =1,000,000
  • White British = 650,000
  • Young dependents = 226,000
  • Elderly dependents = 159,000

Public Transport

  •  6 different forms of transport

Religion

  • 46% Christian
  • 22% Muslim (next biggest)
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Clun, S. Shropshire

Clun, S. Shropshire

Isolated rural Shropshire town

Close places to Clun

  • Ludlow (19 miles)
  • Shrewsbury ((30 miles)

Population

  • 680 people

Transport

  • Bus service - 2 buses Monday to Friday
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Hardy's Wessex

Hardy's Wessex (perceptions)

  • Thomas Hardy was a novelist who was famous and often portrayed the countryside in an idyllic manner
  • Wessex = fictional county
  • Hardy's Wessex has since bcome recognised as "the epitome of the vanishing English rural heartland."
  • Tourists today are still drawn to Dorset by the Wessex novels
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Caithness

Caithness

  • 2011 Census - Young Adults likely to leave Highlands
  • Further decrease of Youn adults expected by 2037
  • In 2015 - 51% of Young Adults surveyed said they were "commited stayers"
  • Before, the average was 43%
  • Broadband!
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Holbrook

Holbrook

  • 130 km from London
  • Primary and secondary schools
  • 36% thought pavements were poor
  • 56% wanted safer roads
  • Community information passed by word of mouth
  • Biiggest concern - police coverage and anti-social behaviour
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Jews in the U.K.

Jews in the U.K.

  • Faced persecution in World War 2
  • 250,000 jews sent to the U.K. over past 200 years
  • Poor housing in the East end was what they occupied in London
  • Forced segregation
  • There are now synagoges in London
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Happisburgh

Happisburgh

  • Coastal erosion occuring there (2m a year with defences, 8m without)
  • Residents proud of area
  • Negative media due to the erosion
  • More services wanted and investment to help people and the area be supported
  • Loss of tourist facilities
  • No intervention SMP
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Leeds

Leeds

  • Biggest outflow = leaving uni (20-29)
  • 15-19 = 5980 net flow - go to uni (biggest age group)
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Boston, Lincolnshire

Boston, Lincolnshire

  • Fields around Boston
  • Wages 1/3 less than EU average
  • Strong leave EU vote
  • 1/10 people from E. Europe
  • 300,000  inflow
  • 70,000 from E. Europe
  • Pay 12% more taxes than received
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