Disruption of Attactment. Institutionalisation.

Hodges and Tizard (19,89).
Including the aim, procedure, findings and the conclusion.

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Hodges and Tizard.

The Aim.
They wanted to investigate the effects of institutionalisation on social development.

The also wanted to look at how they learned to interact with and form relationships with people.

They wanted to look at privation meaning having had no attachment.

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What did they do?

The Procedure.
It was a natural experiment using 65 children,where most of them being institutionalised by the age of 4 months old.
The carer's wern't able to care for one child individually because they didn't want the child to form an attachment to the carer.

....So technically they were privated purposely.

But by 4 years old, the children had fallen into three different conditions...

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The Three procedures are:

7 Stayed in an institution for more than 4 years.

25 were restored to their original family by the age of 4 years.

33 children were adopted by someone else.

There was also a control group that had never been institutionalised. This shows the difference and effects of the other groups.

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Measuring the children.

The children were measured at ages 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 years old.

The measures used included...

  • Observations.
  • Interviews, With the teacher and parent.
  • self report measures i.e. interviews and questionnaires.
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The Finding's.

Short Term Effects.

At 2 and 4 years old the children who had been institutionalised had shown Disihibited attachment.

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