Diseases 0.0 / 5 ? Design & Technology: Food TechnologyDiet related diseasesGCSENone Created by: ZR1Created on: 03-05-17 18:21 What is Obesity? This is where the body contains too much stored fat Categories of obesity is shown by BMI ranges 1 of 7 Causes of Obesity Not being in energy balance A person gets more energy from food than they use every day If stored energy not used for physical activity it will remain in body This means that the energy they don't use will be stored as fat It will gradually increase body weight Processed foods, ready-made meals, snack foods, hot/cold drinks are energy dense As they contain a lot of hidden fat/sugar 2 of 7 What happens to the body? Stored fat will build up under the skin (adipose fat) and inside body around the abdomen/intestines (visceral fat) Visceral fat finally pushes up diaphragm which squashes lungs and makes it difficult to breathe Extra weight carried by body puts stress/strain on heart/blood vessels/liver/kidneys/skeleton/muscles Leads to Type 2 diabetes, heart disease 3 of 7 Prevention A person needs to be in energy balance To lose some of the stored body fat an obese person needs to take less energy from food If they do this over a period of time the energy stored in body fat will need to be used/ their body will gradually lose weight Increase their physical activity This will help to use up the stored energy more quickly/efficiently 4 of 7 Causes of Heart disease People eat a lot of salt in diet This can change volume/consistency of blood which means the heart has to work harder to pump around body It can lead to a heart attack People are overweight The extra body weight may put strain on heart as it tries to pump blood around body Smoking cigarettes can change consistency of blood This may make it clot inside a blood vessel/block it leading to heart attack 5 of 7 What happens to the body? The coronary arteries become blocked by fatty deposits which prevent blood flowing properly to heart Saturated fat can increase levels in blood of fatty substance called cholesterol This is naturally produced in body If blood cholesterol level high it might build up and block coronary arteries that supply the heart with blood and oxygen When heart doesn't receive enough oxygen from blood the muscle will stop working This can result in a heart attack which can permanently damage the heart muscle and may cause death 6 of 7 Prevention Follow dietary guidelines Reducing salt intake Losing weight Taking regular physical activity Trying to reduce stress levels Limiting alcohol intake Not smoking 7 of 7
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