B-cells and antibodies:
- B-cells are white blood cells that produce antibodies.
- a antibody is a protien molecule that can bind specifically to a antigen.
- each B-cell has antibody molecules on its surface and can secrete soluble antibodies into its surroundings.
T-cells and receptors:
- T-cells are white blood cells that have receptor protiens on their surfaces.
- receptor protiens have only one binding site and are only found on the surface of T-cells.
- receptor protiens bind specifically to antigens to form antigen-receptor complexes.
helper T-cells and clonal selection:
- the antigen presenting cell will encounter a heplper T-cell with a matching receptor molecule, so the two can bind together.
- the tight binding stimulates the helper T-cells to release cytokines, which stimulate immature T and B-cells, when activated they divide by mitosis. this is clonal selection as only the selected cells are cloned.
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