Diet and Exercise

Diet

• For good health, your diet must provide energy
  • Carbohydrates release energy
  • Fats keep you warm and provide energy
  • Protein fuels growth, repairs and replaces cells
  • Fibre keeps everything moving in teh digestive system
  • Vitamins and minerals keep skin, bones and blood all healthy

Energy

• Energy fuels chemical reactions called metabolism
• The speed of these reactions is called metabolic rate
• Muscle needs more energy than fatty tissue
  • People with more muscle, have a higher metabolic rate
  • Fatter people need more energy than smaller people because they have more cells
  • Men have higher metabolic rate as they usually have more muscle and are bigger
  • The more active you are, the more energy you need

Unbalanced diet=Malnourishment

• These people can be fat or thin or generally unhealthy

Eating too much:

• Excessive carbs and fat intake
• Obesity (20% or more over recommended body mass)
• bad diet, overeating, lack of exercise
• Type 2 diabetes
• high blood pressure
• heart disease
• some cancers

Eating too little:

• slow growth, fatigue, poor resistance to infection, irregular periods
• Deficiency diseases casue problems with skin, bones, joints and gums.

Exercising regularly = healthier lives

• Increases the amount of energy needed
• decreases energy stored as fat
• builds muscles and boosts metabolic rate
• reduces risk of health problems (obesity)

You can be physcially fit and healthy, but still be malnourished from unbalanced diet

Inherited Factors

• metabolic rate affected by:
  • underactive thyroid gland
• inherited factors may affect blood cholesterol levels
  • which increases risk of heart disease.