Detection & Identification

What is the test for chloride ions?

Dissolve in dilute nitric acid. A white precipitate will form with a silver nitrate solution

What is the test for bromide ions?

Dissolve in dilute nitric acid then a cream precipitate forms with silver nitrate solution

What is the test for iodine?

Dissolve in dilute nitric acid. A pale yellow precipitate will form with silver nitrate solution

What is the test for sulphate?

Dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid. A white precipitate of barium sulphate will form with a barium chloride solution

What is the test for nitrate?

Add sodium hydroxide solution and aluminium poder. Warm and ammonia will be given off with will term damp, red litmus paper blue.

What is the test for carbonate?

Add dilute acid. Carbon dioxide gas will be released and this can be tested with the use of limewater, which will turn cloudy.

What is the test for copper?

Add sodium hyroxide  solution and a pale blue precipitate will form

What is the test for iron II?

Add sodium hydroxide solution and a dirty green precipitate will form. If left it will turn a rusty brown

What is the test for iron III?

Add sodium hyrdoxide solution and a rusty brown precipitate will form

What is the test for aluminium?

Add sodium hyrdroxide solution and a white precipitate will form. This will dissolve in excess sodium hydroxide

What is the test for magnesium?

Add sodium hydroxide solution and a white precipitate will form

What is the test for calcium?

Add sodium hydroxide solution and a white precipitate will form

What colour flame does sodium produce?

Bright yellow

What colour flame does lithium produce?

Scarlet red

What colour flame does calcium produce?

Brick red

What colour flame does potassium produce?

Lilac

What colour flame does barium produce?

Apple green